The inequality rarely mentioned in Westminster: Scotland’s land


by Guest    
July 24, 2011 at 2:43 pm

contribution by Joseph Ritchie

In the context of the UK’s growing inequality, it’s important to focus not only on the emerging hierarchies of wealth and privilege but also on the longstanding patterns. In Scotland, a good place to start is in the distribution of land.

Far from a historical relic, control of the land is still an important source of wealth and power today.

At present, of the rural land (94% of the total) 83.1% of this is privately held. Here, just 969 people,[1] in a country of 5.2 million people, control 60% of it.

Scotland’s landownership pattern is today the most concentrated in Europe[2] and one of the more concentrated systems in the world. As Kevin Cahill points out, the UN denies aid to some South American countries with less concentrated systems, unless land redistribution is carried out.

The history of this highly concentrated ownership is beyond the scope of this article. It is however a story of considerable fraud, banditry and deceit. If you’re interested, Andy Wightman’s recent book ‘The Poor Had No Lawyers: Who Owns Scotland and How They Got It’ is a good place to start.

The imbalance in power that this system creates is visible throughout Scotland. In South Lanarkshire, Lord Home continues to allow opencast mining developments on his land, despite the objections of surrounding communities and the environmental and health problems that such mining creates.

In rural Scotland, as journalist Lesley Riddoch points out:

…the single biggest obstacle to the transformation of Scottish rural communities is their lack of control over land…the Big Society in Scotland will remain forever blocked by the power of the Big Landowners – whoever wins at Holyrood.

Considerable wealth is also locked up in the ownership of land. Between 2000-2009, the top fifty recipients – a list that contains many extremely wealthy landowners – of the CAP subsidies were given an average of £3.3 million per farmer.

Kevin Cahill cites the Inland Revenue as estimating the cost of one acre of development land (i.e. with planning permission) in the UK as being worth around $404, 000 in 1999, in a context where the average holding of the large landowners is around 9, 735 acres and over 200 000 at the very top of the spectrum.

In many cases, the wealth remains hidden. As Wightman writes:

…over 22 per cent and perhaps as much as 25 per cent of the privately owned rural land in Scotland is held in some form of offshore or beneficial ownership where, to varying degrees, the beneficiaries are unknown and tax is being avoided.

The situation, which the Scottish Parliament can and has legislated on in the past, is desperately in need of change. The recently created Community Right to Buy needs to be extended and enhanced. Increases in the value of land, which frequently occur as a result of publicly money, should be recouped in tax.

While the many reform proposals are too numerous and detailed to go into here, the governing principle must be that the land, our most finite and precious asset, should be under democratic control, as opposed to either the inequities of history or the paroxysms of the market.


1. Wightman, A, The Poor Had No Lawyers: Who Owns Scotland and How They Got It (2010) Birlinn pp. 106
2. Wightman, A Scotland: Land and Power – the Agenda for Land Reform (1999) Luath Press pp. 30
3. Cahill, K Who Owns Britain? (2000) Canongate pp. 181

Joseph blogs at http://ascannerdespairingly.wordpress.com/


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Reader comments


OK – you have argued that the land is owned by few people, and that some of the owners do rather well out of European farming subsidies.

But why does the land need to be under “democratic control”?

No where do you really explain what is wrong with someone owning land – and it is worth noting that much of the land is going to be in rural areas of little desirability to the average town worker.

So, I happen to agree that the farming subsidies should be scrapped – across the entire EU and the money used to cut taxes/pay off debt, but I struggle to work out from your article what benefit would come from letting transitory politicians control the land instead of long-term owners.

The average cost of development land in the UK may be £404,000, but to link that figure without qualification to the holdings of people in Scotland who have up to 200,000 acres would seem a little bit silly for two reasons.

Firstly, that is for land for which there is pre-existing permission to build – that is not going to be the case for the vast majority of the land in Scotland as a) the applications are unlikely to have been made for an acre in the middle of nowhere, and b) getting permission to build in areas of beauty can be tricky (Trumps excepted, of course).

Secondly, that is an average figure that surely includes all the development land in the centre of all the cities in the UK. An acre of such land in London has to be essentially offset by an acre of very cheap land to get to such a figure – that very cheap land being, one would imagine, the wilderness areas of the UK, including Scotland.

There may be a question of making it easier for people to buy unused land that is in the possession of a large landowner if the potential buyers will be able to make positive use of it, but using potentially dodgy statistics as polemical tricks is just annoying.

[Note that I do not have the referenced book to check the manner in which the £404,000 figure was arrived at. If I were to have made a mistake on this front and the author's figure is relevant to the point that the article tries to make then I could only apologise.]

Scotland’s topography and its consequent sparse population means that some form of community control is absolutely necessary to build stronger rural communities. Making a market in land from a dispossession of the aristos would just end up substituting bankers for lords. I live in the exact centre of Scotland and a local landowner owns a continous stretch of land lying over fourteen miles. Most of the farming stopped when he took over and its all about shooting parties who only contribute to the landowner’s coffers with no trickle-down to the local economy. Our glen is full of second homes, holiday homes and retirees. There is no work local to speak of and being in such a depopulated area makes daily life quite insecure when you hear about horse thieves, oil theft etc. etc. There would be no-one apart from your own family to call on if you were attacked late at night investigating a suspicious sound.
Just to pick up on one point…there are very few real wilderness areas in Scotland apart from the mountainous ones. All the depopulated glens would find willing farmers if they could be wrested from the idle rich.

Hmm. How much of Scotland’s actual reasonable-quality arable land (i.e. Strathearn, Fife, West Lothian) is held in this way, and how much is Highland parks? Because there is little value in democratic control of large tracts of land with little value other than as parkland and grazing – Scotland having little familiarity with the normal European concept of common land for some reason I’ve never figured.

I’d also like to see the evidence that the land would be better managed or more productive (or both) under ‘democratic’ control. No problem with democratic control and the introduction of commons if that is what you suggest, but maybe you should check it would be a good thing first – if the landscape is better served by the present system, is it worth smashing for the sake of it? It’s not as if people can’t walk across a lot of it is it?

‘No where do you really explain what is wrong with someone owning land – and it is worth noting that much of the land is going to be in rural areas of little desirability to the average town worker.’

The difference between land ownership and other property is that land exists independent of humans; claiming that you own the earth effectively means you are the only one with a right to *exist* in that particular part of the space time continuum (for the purposes of Georgism, ‘land’ actually means ‘space’).

Here are 2 great articles and a video – if you can be bothered to read them – about how important and neglected land taxation is:

http://forum.prisonplanet.com/index.php?topic=160421.0

http://www.progress.org/banneker/omara.html

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6ZkfmY1PMng&feature=player_embedded


Reactions: Twitter, blogs
  1. Liberal Conspiracy

    The inequality rarely mentioned in Westminster: Scotland's land http://bit.ly/nEtfx1

  2. Terry

    The inequality rarely mentioned in Westminster: Scotland’s land | Liberal Conspiracy http://t.co/vNAyeUU via @libcon

  3. Jim Jepps

    The inequality rarely mentioned in Westminster: Scotland's land http://bit.ly/nEtfx1

  4. noel doyle

    969 people, in a country of 5.2 million people, control 60% of the land in Scotland. http://t.co/187X6xi

  5. Hali

    The inequality rarely mentioned in Westminster: Scotland's land http://bit.ly/nEtfx1

  6. Walter Vanhees

    969 people, in a country of 5.2 million people, control 60% of the land in Scotland. http://t.co/187X6xi

  7. ghassell

    969 people, in a country of 5.2 million people, control 60% of the land in Scotland. http://t.co/187X6xi

  8. Katie Baird

    The inequality rarely mentioned in Westminster: Scotland's land http://bit.ly/nEtfx1

  9. MUSHKUSH

    The inequality rarely mentioned in Westminster: Scotland’s land | Liberal Conspiracy http://t.co/YunzXu7 via @libcon

  10. Meg Howarth

    969 people, in a country of 5.2 million people, control 60% of the land in Scotland. http://t.co/187X6xi

  11. Stephe Meloy

    The inequality rarely mentioned in Westminster: Scotland's land http://bit.ly/nEtfx1





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  • Please familiarise yourself with our comments policy.

 
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