Why today’s inflation figures spell disaster for Osborne
Today’s inflation figures revealed that with constant indirect tax rates (VAT, duties, etc) CPI inflation would have 3.0% rather than the current 4.5%.
In other words tax and duty changes are adding substantially to inflation – explaining, for example, the record monthly jump in alcohol & tobacco prices in April. As Labour’s Angela Eagle noted, January’s VAT rise has added to inflation, making the Bank of England’s job and Osborne’s position all the more difficult.
Angela Eagle said this morning that:
The Bank of England has been put in an impossible position by George Osborne. It has been left to do all the work to support a recovery that’s been choked off by the Tory-led Government’s fiscal policy to cut deeper and faster than any other major economy in the world.
This is a view I certainly share – George Osborne’s hopes for ‘expansionary fiscal contraction’ rely on the Bank providing monetary stimulus (reducing interest rates for example) to offset the impact of spending cuts.
But given high inflation, it is getting harder and harder for the Bank to give this support.
In other words, fiscal policy is slowing growth but the Bank’s options are limited by inflation.
The Bank of England’s Ben Broadbent, the newest member of the Bank’s Monetary Policy Committee, appeared before the Treasury Select Committee today. When asked about the major risks to the UK outlook on his pre-hearing questionnaire he responded that:
The household saving rate is still below levels reached after past recessions. A sudden rise would weaken consumer spending. By draining income and spending power from the UK, higher commodity prices threaten to do the same.
This is very similar language to that recently used by Adam Posen, who told the Guardian that:
Household consumption is going to be pretty darn weak. It may even contract a little”.
Consumers, he said, were unlikely to run down their savings in an attempt to maintain spending patterns, while the weakness of trade unions meant it would be hard for wage bargainers to push up pay settlements in response to higher inflation.
This is in contrast to the OBR view, who think that household savings will fall in 2011 and then stay low – consumer spending will tick along as required but at the cost of a large build up in Household debt.
If they are wrong (and Broadbent’s, Posen’s and my own fears are realised) then the growth picture just became even weaker.
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A longer version is at Duncan’s Economics blog
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Duncan is a regular contributor. He has worked as an economist at the Bank of England, in fund management and at the Labour Party. He is a Senior Policy Officer at the TUC’s Economic and Social Affairs Department.
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Reader comments
Ricardian equivalence – it’s a shame the MSM don’t pick up on it.
It’s the root of the problem – George believes in it – but even the author himself (Ricardo) dismissed it as ‘too simplistic’
Simple is as simple does eh George?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricardian_equivalence
Did nobody get the hint when the BoE dropped to RECORD LOW interest rates?
Judge people by their actions – not their words.
So in other words Osborne was hoping that the economy would recover by households spending more and the BoE reducing interest rates.
But given higher inflation, in part thanks to the increase in VAT, neither now seem likely in the near future. Which makes Osborne’s plans for a magical recovery all the more unlikely… yes?
@2,
Yes, pretty much.
@2 & @3
I would also add that ‘Georgy Boy’ also planned to do the old ‘tried and tested’ method of currency debasement which promotes an ‘export led recovery.
However ‘the boy’ forgot 2 crucial elements.
1) We don’t manufacture anything to export – other than weapons (see Cameron’s REAL reason for the middle east tour)
2) Everbody else (i.e. the world) is playing the same game – clearly ‘the boy’ doesn’t understand the phrase ‘global’ when its prefixed the word ‘recession’. You see currency debasement and export led recovery is what everyone else is attempting….and in addition to this the Chinese don’t want to o from ‘biggest seller’ to ‘biggest buyer’ and rebalance things because their people are not so materialisti.
A 5 minute ‘economics refresher’ could have helped George out immensely. Although as most economics is based on ‘the past’ – it’s a bit crap at predicting ‘the future’ – for that you need reason and logic – two elements not welcome in the modern day Tory party.
To make matters far worse – our ‘friends’ across the Atlantic are pumping money like there is no tomorrow. For the rest of the world this makes bugger all difference – but as the dollar is the worlds reserve currency, the inflationary effect will be worldwide and not just in the US.
Get prepared people – this isn’t inflation yet – wait another year and then you’ll know what inflation looks like.
…unless of course George cuts the legs off the recovery and we spin into a depression which will be deflationary.
This is the problem with Capitalism – the politicians tell you they are in control – but when crisis occurs it’s blatantly obvious they are not.
The economy has been backed into a corner – there are no easy solutions – no matter what is presented by Westminster.
…oh and no nation (ever) has created a recovery through spending cuts – just to make things worse.
Nothing spells disaster for Osborne as money completely protects him from ever suffering the consequences of his actions and has done for his entire life. For this government politics is something to play at while waiting for pater to die and leave them even richer. The worst disaster in Arsenose’s life apart from mirrors is inadequately chilled champagne.
@5 Surely you mean incorrectly chilled? One can have one’s Bolly too cold, y’know.
@Winston
The funny thing is that Ricardo himself did not believe Ricardian equivalnce – it was merely an intellectual curiousity:
“the people who paid the taxes never so estimate them… do not manage their private affairs accordingly…. It would be difficult to convince a man… that a perpetual payment of £50 per annum was equally burdensome with a single tax of £1000″
If the person who invented it didn’t believe in it, how can others possibly do so?
@7
@Winston
The funny thing is that Ricardo himself did not believe Ricardian equivalnce – it was merely an intellectual curiousity:
“the people who paid the taxes never so estimate them… do not manage their private affairs accordingly…. It would be difficult to convince a man… that a perpetual payment of £50 per annum was equally burdensome with a single tax of £1000?
If the person who invented it didn’t believe in it, how can others possibly do so?
Sadly the entire Conservative party seem to and it is the entire basis of their ‘economic’ ‘policy’
AFZ
it’s a bit odd to complain about the VAT rise on the basis that it has caused inflation – inflation of the sort caused by a one-off VAT rise is a one-off increase in the price level, and would not make the BoE’s job any more difficult, it can be safely ignored.
As Luis says there is a bit of confusion here with price level effects and core inflation. It has been pretty obvious for sometime that the Bank does not pay much attention to headline inflation. Some say they are not paying much attention to core inflation either. Apart from VAT the coalition have added 0.2% to inflation through rises in tuition fees. Pensioners and benefit recipients get the benefit here but are unlikely to be paying for tuition fees. I would not fancy telling pensioners that their pension increases are too high.
What will scupper Mr Osborne, the OBR growth forecasts and the Bank is if the UK non-inflationary trend growth has fallen. The OBR assume and Mr Osborne’s plans are based on trend growth of 2.35% per annum. Does not look like this is achievable to me and trend growth does look like it has fallen as UK financial services have contracted. They are placing a lot of faith in improvements in real incomes through rising wage growth next year as headline inflation falls. However, credit expansion through expanding GDP is not unreasonable.
Ok, geniuses. Inflation before crisis was 4.5% on average in 2007, interest rates were 5.5%…let that swirl around in your head for a bit, so firstly, inflation was just as is now, but with no world hike in food, fuel to include, BUT now you can borrow with lower interest rates than then …so consumer spending has all the chances of doing much better than it did before the crisis. ..except this time, we make more on the spending because that 4.5% inflation includes the vat rise
Dunno – inflate away some of the debt, sorted. Not ideal but such is life etc etc.
“now you can borrow with lower interest rates than then”
Not if you’re unemployed or maxxed out or bankrupt (friend of ours has just been made bankrupt due to unemployment, in fact) don’t have the collateral, can’t afford the repayments due to a squeeze on income or plain can’t persuade banks who are more interested in reducing bad loans than taking new ones on to lend.
There are people (me, I suspect) to whom none of this applies but I’m not keen on taking out new loans because a) I work in an industry reliant on flogging stuff to, basically, the working people of Britain and b) Osborne and co. want to make it easier to sack me and export my job to India. I’m not sure a policy of making people insecure and then demanding that they borrow money will fly, really.
DBirkin
It’s growth that matters – in 2007 we had some – which means the inflation then was a reflection of growth and keeping apace – now we just have prices rising.
Inflation hasn’t changed a great deal, but you’ll find the things that matter (income) whether it be fixed (pension) screwed by low interest rates or employment (wages) kept down under the threat of the sack – then you’re effectively poorer.
Back to economics 101 for you sonny – inflation is a treadmill and we stopped moving around the end of 2008.
You’ll find out if you ask your wife how much the shopping bill has gone up in the last 2 years.
Tom
It’s not even true (the original statement)
if you look carefully at the loans on offer – most mortgages that offer 2% above base (which are the best deals) – require a 60% LTV.
For a 200k house that’s 80 grand! – good luck finding that sort of money as a deposit!
Mortgages of 80% LTV attract a rate nearer 5%.
This is also the explanation for this (a picture much ignored by the MSM who like to report ‘rises’ in mortgage approvals M-o-M…but forget to mention they are rises from the basement. Still, whatever fools the sheepeople eh?….
http://www.housepricecrash.co.uk/graphs-mortgage-approvals.php
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